Allium fistulosum (Welsh onion): Spicing
the cuisines of Mizo tribes.
Singh BK, Singh SB, Ramakrishna Y and Thapa M
Allium and Umbelliferae Improvement
Newsletter 22: 33-35, 2012
E-mail:
bksinghkushinagar@yahoo.co.in
Abstract
Monday 30 June 2014
Spiny coriander (Eryngium foetidum L.): A commonly used, neglected spicing-culinary herb of Mizoram, India.
Spiny coriander (Eryngium foetidum L.): A commonly used, neglected spicing-culinary
herb of Mizoram, India.
Singh
BK, Ramakrishna Y and Ngachan SV
Genetic
Resources and Crop Evolution 61 (6): 1085-1090, 2014, DOI 10.1007/s10722-014-0130-5.
E-mail:
bksinghkushinagar@yahoo.co.in
Abstract
Spiny coriander (Eryngium
foetidum L.) is a leafy spice herb of tropical regions of world (America,
South Asia, Pacific Islands, South Europe and Africa) which is used extensively
for garnishing, marinating, flavouring and seasoning of foods. It is also used as
an ethno-medicinal plant for the treatment of a number of ailments such as
fevers, chills, vomiting, burns, fevers, hypertension, headache, earache,
stomachache, asthma, arthritis, snake bites, scorpion stings, diarrhea, malaria
and epilepsy. The main constituent of essential oil of the plant is eryngial
(E-2-dodecenal). However, a significant variation in the plant morphology, composition
of essential oil (> 60 constituents reported) and secondary metabolites resulted
from genetic variability and geographic location. Pharmacological
investigations have demonstrated anthelmintic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic,
anti-convulsant, anti-clastogenic, anti-carcinogenic, anti-diabetic and
anti-bacterial activity. Focus on holistic research approaches such as genetic
enhancement to develop high yielding varieties (collection, conservation,
evaluation, breeding and development of potential genotypes); efficient
production technologies to harvest the plants in mass (cultivation under 50-75%
shed-net and spray of gibberellic acid at a concentration of 100 ppm);
post-harvest management to minimize marketing loss; and medicinal/
pharmaceutical investigations would be the best strategies to increase the yield
and to promote industrial uses of Eryngium
foetidum as an economically relevant crop.
Genotypic × environment interaction and stability analysis for yield and quality components in elephant foot yam [Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst) Nicolson].
Genotypic × environment interaction and
stability analysis for yield and quality components in elephant foot yam
[Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst) Nicolson].
Kumar
S, Singh PK, Solankey SS and Singh BK
African
Journal of Agricultural Research 9 (7): 707-712, 2014
E-mail:
bksinghkushinagar@yahoo.co.in
Abstract
Genotypic ×
environment (G × E) interactions in 35 indigenous line of elephant foot yam (Amorphophallus paeoniifolius Dennst
Nicolson) were evaluated for two consecutive years of 2007 and 2008 under four
environments in randomized block design (RBD) for yield, plant height, weight
of corm, size of corm, dry matter and starch content. Mean squares deviation
due to environment and environment linear variations were highly significant
for all the traits. Linear component of genotype × environment interaction
assumed importance for weight of corm, size of corm and yield. Thus, the prediction
of the genotypes in the environments appeared to be feasible for all the
characters under study. G × E interaction was found to be significant for dry
matter and starch content indicating that these quality contributing traits
were highly influenced by the change in environment leading to extension of
analysis for estimating stability parameters. All traits significantly observed
for environment + (genotype × environment) interaction confirming the influence
of environment and suggesting the existence of considerable variation among
genotypes as well as environments. On the basis of all three stability parameters
(xi, bi and S2di), the genotype NDA-9 possesses high mean, nearer to unit
regression and non-significant low deviation from regression. With respect to
yield on the basis of all three
adaptability parameters, it is evident that the genotype NDA-9 is stable as it
possesses high mean, nearer to unit regression and non-significant low
deviation from regression. Whereas the highest yielding genotype NDA-35 showed
above average sensitivity and low deviation from regression, this genotype
could be considered as a suitable for favorable environmental condition.
Genotype by environment interactions effects on yield and curcumin in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.).
Genotype by environment interactions
effects on yield and curcumin in turmeric (Curcuma
longa L.).
Anandaraj
M, Prasath D, Kandiannan K, Zachariah T J, Srinivasan V, Jha A K, Singh BK,
Singh AK, Pandey VP, Singh SP, Shoba N, Jana JC, Kumar KR, Maheswari KU
Industrial
Crops and Products 53: 358-364, 2014
E-mail:
bksinghkushinagar@yahoo.co.in
Abstract
Eleven
cultivars were evaluated for fresh yield (10 environments), curing per cent,
cucumin and dry yield (five environments) across India, four each in North and
South India and two in North East India, ranging from 43 to 893 m above mean
sea level. Combined analyses showed significant differences among cultivars,
environments, and cultivar by environment interactions for yield, curing per
cent and curcumin contents. A large proportion (70.8%) of variation on fresh
yield was attributed to environments; however, for curing per cent, curcumin
content and dry yield, genotype effect accounted for 31.2%, 17.7% and 15.7%of
variation, respectively. Mega Turmeric was the most stable for fresh yield with
above average yield per plant across all environments. Rajendra Sonia was
performing well at specific locations as the fresh yield was high and was
highly responsive to favorable environments. Results on curcumin and curing per
cent showed that, IISR Kedaram performed consistently across five environments
with regression values almost equal to one and non-significant deviation from
regression was adjudged to be the most stable cultivar for curcumin production.
High curcumin cultivar Narendra Tumeric-1 was least responsive at environments
with regression values less than one and significant deviation from regression.
Mega Turmeric-1, IISR Prathiba and IISR Kedaram showed high stability for dry
yield across environments. Three varieties, Mega Turmeric-1, IISR Kedaram and
IISR Prathiba could serve as a good genetic source for stability in breeding
programs for high dry yield and curcumin content.
Genetic variability, heritability and interrelationships in pole-type French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.).
Genetic variability, heritability and
interrelationships in pole-type French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.).
Singh
BK, Deka BC and Ramakrishna Y
Proceedings
of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences 84 (3): 587–592,
2014, DOI 10.1007/s40011-013-0287-2
2014, DOI 10.1007/s40011-013-0287-2
E-mail:
bksinghkushinagar@yahoo.co.in
Abstract
French bean
(Phaseolus vulgaris L.), especially pole-type, is one of the most widely
cultivated and popular vegetables in Mizoram due to its wide adaptability,
round the year availability and better tender pod quality (slender, fleshy,
soft and fewer parchment strings). However, there is little information on
genetic variability, heritability and interrelationships of economic traits in
pole-type French bean. Therefore, sixty-five genotypes (Indian and exotic
collections) were evaluated. A significant genotypic mean square for the traits
studied indicated sufficient variation among genotypes. Ten genotypes showed
better pod yield potential (>13.5 t/ ha) which were collected from Mizoram
(IC593590, IC593591, IC593594, MZFB-48, IC595238, MZFB-32, IC593593, MZFB-29,
MZFB-51 and MZFB-47). Vine length, inter-nodal length, no. of nodules/ plant,
nodule fresh weight, tender pod fresh weight, 100 seeds weight and pod yield
showed additive gene action i.e. high heritability (> 80%) and high genetic
advance (> 40%) which could be improved by selection and hybridization.
While non-additive genes were responsible for days to 50% maturity (earliness)
that could be exploited through heterosis breeding. However, both additive and
non-additive genes accountable for pod length, no. of seeds/ pod and no. of
pods/ plant and could be improve through reciprocal recurrent selection. Pod
weight and number of pods/ plant could be reliable tools for selection indices
to identify the productive genotypes and to realize maximum genetic gain.
Viewing the genetic potential, it is convincing to include genotypes from
Mizoram regions in the genetic enhancement as well as varietal improvement of
French bean for tender pod yield.
Vermicompost, mulching and irrigation level on growth, yield and TSS of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.).
Vermicompost,
mulching and irrigation level on growth, yield and TSS of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.).
Singh BK, Pathak KA, Ramakrishna Y, Verma VK
and Deka BC
Indian Journal of Hill Farming 26 (2):
105-110, 2013
E-mail:
bksinghkushinagar@yahoo.co.in
Abstract
A field
experiment was conducted for two years to investigate the effect of
vermicompost, organic mulching and irrigation level on growth, yield and
quality attributes of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) with an ultimate aim of
optimizing water and nutrient requirement of tomato in mild-tropical climate
during dry season. The vermicompost together with organic mulching increased
plant height (106.5 cm), leaf area (40.6 cm2), leaf weight (1301 mg/ leaf),
fruit weight (92.9 g), fruit yield (4.013 kg/ plant), fruit density (0.972 g/
cc), post-harvest shelf-life (15.0 days) and TSS (5.2º Brix) of tomato
significantly. Application of vermicompost alone too increased the shelf-life
of fruits by 25-106 % and TSS beyond 4.5 %, both of which are traits highly
desirable for production of summer tomato and the related processing industry.
The application of vermicompost @ 5 tonnes/ ha, 5 cm thick mulching with dried
crop residues, two-thirds dose of NPK fertilizer (80:40:40 kg/ ha) and 30 %
irrigation is optimum for obtaining better quality and productivity of field
grown tomatoes during dry period of mild-tropical climate.
Heterosis for yield and other yield contributing economic traits in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.).
Heterosis
for yield and other yield contributing economic traits in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.).
Prasad V, Dwivedi VK, Deshpande AA and Singh
BK.
Proceedings of the XV EUCARPIA meeting on genetics
and breeding of capsicum and eggplant, 2-4 September 2013, Torino, Italy, pp
697-700, 2013.
E-mail:
bksinghkushinagar@yahoo.co.in
Abstract
Twenty-eight non-reciprocal F1brinjalhybrids
(Solanum melongena L.) obtained from eight
diverse genotypes were evaluated to estimate
heterosis over better parent, mid parent and standard checks for eighteen
commercial traits. Four hybrids (Pusa Purple Long × Black Beauty, Gulabi Long
×Surati Ravaiya, Pusa Purple Long ×Gulabi Long and Pusa Purple Long × Green
Long) in long fruited segment and one hybrid each in round fruited (Black
Beauty ×Surati Ravaiya) and small fruited segment (BB-44 × Black Beauty)were
excelled in economic heterosis and showed 7.82 to 112.87 % heterosis over
various standard checks.These six hybrids could be evaluated in multi-location
and may be released for commercial cultivation as per adaptability to various
agroclimatic regions. The pink fruit colour is dominant over purple colour,
nevertheless recessive with dark purple and black colour.
Quantification and inheritance of antioxidant properties and mineral content in ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula).
Quantification
and inheritance of antioxidant properties and mineral content in ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula).
Karmakar P, Munshi AD, Behera TK, Kumar R,
Sureja AK, Kaur C and Singh BK
Agricultural Research 2 (3): 222-228, 2013
E-mail:
bksinghkushinagar@yahoo.co.in
Abstract
With a view to develop nutritious ridge gourd
variety, a field as well as a laboratory study was conducted to quantify and
enumerate the genetic control for antioxidant properties and mineral content in
fruits. The hybrids were found to be superior over their parents for various
nutritional traits such as ascorbic acid, total carotenoids and total phenolics
content; in vitro antioxidant activity in the form of DPPH-RSA, ABTS-RSA and
CUPRAC; and P, K, Ca, Na, S, Fe, Zn and Mn content in the fruits. All the nutritional
parameters exhibited higher values of dominance variance over the additive genetic
variance, more than unity value of average degree of dominance and low
narrow-sense heritability (\50 %). The antioxidants and mineral content in the
fresh fruits are predominantly attributed by the non-additive genetic
component.
Hence, the various tools of hybrid breeding
would be useful to breed antioxidants- and minerals-rich genotypes of ridge gourd
(Luffa acutangula Roxb.).
Varieties and planting dates affect the growth, yield and quality of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) in mild-tropical environment.
Varieties and planting dates affect the
growth, yield and quality of turmeric (Curcuma
longa L.) in mild-tropical environment.
Singh
BK, Ramakrishna Y, Deka BC, Verma VK and Pathak KA
Vegetable
Science 40 (1): 40-44, 2013
E-mail:
bksinghkushinagar@yahoo.co.in
Abstract
The
present field experiment was carried out to evaluate the performance of 11
released varieties in three planting dates under mild-tropical climatic
conditions at ICAR-RC-NEH Region, Mizoram Centre, Kolasib, Mizoram. The planting of turmeric at last week of April in Mizoram
result in better plant growth, higher fresh and dried rhizome yield, and
greater curcumin content. Any delay in planting significantly affects the yield
as well as quality of rhizomes. The fresh rhizome yield was harvested highest
in Megha Turmeric-1 and Duggirala (430 q/ ha) followed by IISR Pratibha (400 q/
ha) and Roma (396 q/ ha). Further, dry matter yield potential was maximum in
Duggirala (118.2 q/ ha) followed by Roma (114.0 q/ ha), IISR Pratibha (112.7 q/
ha) and Megha Turmeric-1 (105.7 q/ ha). The most promising quality trait, curcumin
content was analysed to be higher in Megha Turmeric-1 (7.09 %) followed by IISR
Allepy Supreme (6.16 %), Rajendra Sonia (6.16 %), IISR Pratibha (6.03 %) and
Roma (5.98 %). In conclusion, four varieties such as Megha Turmeric-1,
Duggirala, IISR Pratibha and Roma were excelled with respect to better plant
growth, enhanced fresh rhizome yield and dry matter yield, and higher curcumin
content.
Horticulture based farming system in Mizoram: an alternative to jhum cultivation.
Horticulture
based farming system in Mizoram: an alternative to jhum cultivation.
Singh BK, Pathak KA, Boopathi T, Ramakrishna
Y, Verma VK and Singh SB http://www.kiran.nic.in/pdf/publications/Mizoram/Horticulture_Based_Farming_System_in_Mizoram.pdf
on 11.12.2013; 2013
E-mail:
bksinghkushinagar@yahoo.co.in
Abstract
In Mizoram, Jhum cultivation (shifting or
slash-and-burn cultivation) is practiced in 40089 ha area which is about 38.64
% of net sown area. The Lushai terrain of state is endowed with wide
agro-climatic conditions and sufficient genetic diversity; which provide virtuous
scope for horticultural based farming system to replace non-productive and
destructive Jhum practices by espousing soil conservation measures, in-situ
moisture conservation, vermicomposting and nutrient management, crop
diversification, use of high yielding varieties, proper crop rotation and
orchard management, and high-tech horticulture. Most suitable horticultural
crops are mandarin, banana, passion fruit, pineapple, areca nut, ginger,
turmeric, bird’s eye chilli, chow-chow, cabbage, French bean, cowpea, vegetable
mustard, Chinese kale, tomato, radish, pumpkin, brinjal, African eggplant, Solanum
ferox, S. tarvum, ash gourd, okra, cauliflower, rice bean, Colocasia,
Anthurium, rose and orchids. The
ICAR-RC-NEH Region has successfully demonstrated the various technologies at
own Farm and farmers’ field having significant impact on soil-water
conservation and enhancing the Farm productivity such as soil and water
conservation practices (construction of contour trenches, bench terraces,
half-moon terraces, drainage line treatments and water harvesting structures);
adopting high yielding varieties and potential local genotypes (15-55 %); mulching
with local dry grasses (15-45 %); vermicomposting, micronutrient and INM (10-30
%); leaf and branch pruning (12-25 %); and protected nursery management and
cultivation (25-450 %). Horticulture based farming system in Mizoram would
certainly reduce the area under Jhum cultivation, and improve Farm productivity,
income and sustainability.
Underutilized Vegetable Crops and Spices of Mizoram: Needs Exploration and Utilization.
Underutilized Vegetable Crops and Spices of Mizoram: Needs
Exploration and Utilization.
Singh B
K, Pathak K A and Ramakrishna Y
In: Developing the Potential of Underutilized
Horticultural Crops of Hill Regions (Prakash N, Roy S S, Sharma P K and Ngachan
S V Eds.).
Today & Tomorrow’s
Printers and Publishers, New Delhi, pp 217-232; 2013
E-mail:
bksinghkushinagar@yahoo.co.in
Vegetable cultivation in Mizoram: status, issues and sustainable approaches.
Vegetable cultivation in Mizoram:
status, issues and sustainable approaches.
Singh B K, Ramakrishna Y, Verma V K and Singh
S B
Indian Journal of Hill Farming 26 (1): 1-7,
2013
E-mail:
bksinghkushinagar@yahoo.co.in
Abstract
The
terrains of Lushai hills (Mizoram) are endowed with rich genetic bio-diversity
of various vegetables (Sechium edule,
Cucurbita moschata, Benincasa hispida, Cucumis sativus, Momordica spp.,
Trichosanthes spp., Phaseolus vulgaris, Vigna unguiculata, Dolichus
purpureous, Vigna umbellata, Parkia roxburghii, Psophocarpous
tetragonolobus, Brassica juncea var. rugosa,
Brassica
oleracea var. alboglabra, Cyphomandra betacea, Zingiber officinale, Curcuma spp., Colocasia spp., Solanum melongena, Solanum gilo, Solanum macrocarpon,
Capsicum annum, Capsicum frutescens and Capsicum
chinense)
which could be used to improve yield potential, quality and tolerance to
stresses. Moreover, the use of hybrids/ high yielding varieties, access
to knowledge and technologies, interactive demonstrations, better input
delivery systems, good communication, and proper utilization of available
resources would be very useful in enhancing the vegetables’ productivity, and
ensuring the food and nutritional security to the tribal community.
Genetic variability, inheritance and correlation for mineral contents in cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.).
Genetic variability, inheritance and
correlation for mineral contents in cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata
L.).
Singh
B K, Sharma S R and Singh B
Journal
of Horticultural Research 21 (1): 91-97, 2013
E-mail:
bksinghkushinagar@yahoo.co.in
Abstract
Brassica vegetables are important sources of
dietary minerals. However, information on the inher-itance and correlation for
content of mineral elements such as iron, zinc, copper, manganese, potassium,
and calcium in cabbage, which is essential if the quality of this vegetable is
to be improved through breeding, is not available. Therefore, the experiment
was set up with seventy-one cabbage genotypes including cultivars, germplasm,
and F1 hybrids, grown in field. Mineral composition of the genotypes tested
differed highly significantly indicating the presence of adequate amount of
variability. A high heritability (>80%) accompanied by high genetic advance
as percentage of mean (>40%) for uptake and accumulation of Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn
and Ca indicates the predominance of additive gene, which could be improved by
hybridization followed by selection breeding approach. Nevertheless, heterosis
breeding would be an imperative in increasing the K content in cabbage heads as
indicated by non-additive gene action for K accumulation having high
heritability (>80%) and low genetic advance as percentage of mean (<30%).
Moreover, both additive and non-additive genes were responsible for individual
head weight. A positive correlation for Fe, Zn and Mn contents with other
minerals will help in simultaneous selection of mineral elements. Nevertheless,
major yield contributing ‘head weight’ was negatively correlated with minerals
content and emphasized the selection of smaller head size to maintain the
higher mineral content in tissues of cabbage heads. Hence, assessing the
heritability, inheritance and correlation for minerals would be useful in the
developing mineral-rich and productive genotypes.
Hermaphrodite inbreds with better combining ability improve antioxidant properties in ridge gourd [Luffa acutangula (Roxb.) L.].
Hermaphrodite inbreds with better
combining ability improve antioxidant properties in ridge gourd [Luffa acutangula (Roxb.) L.].
Karmakar
P, Munshi A D, Behera T K, Kumar R, Kaur C and Singh B K
Euphytica 191 (1): 75-84, 2013
E-mail:
bksinghkushinagar@yahoo.co.in
Abstract
An experiment
was conducted with the objectives to evaluate the breeding potential of hermaphrodite
lines and to suggest suitable breeding approaches following half-diallel mating
design for genetic improvement of antioxidant content and activity in ridge
gourd [Luffa acutangula (Roxb.) L.] fruits. Twenty-eight genotypes, including seven
parental lines and 21 crosses, were grown in randomized block design with three
replications for fruit sample collection. The highly significant mean squares
due to parents, hybrids and parents vs. hybrids; and GCA and SCA for yield and antioxidants
(ascorbic acid, total carotenoids, total phenolics, DPPH-RSA, ABTS-RSA and
CUPRAC assay) indicate the existence of abundant genetic variation. The per se performance and combining ability
of hermaphrodite parents (Satputia Long and Satputia Small) and hybrids of “monoecious × hermaphrodite” cross were found
to be superior for antioxidants along with yield potential. The cross combinations with superior per se performance coupled with high SCA
estimates and having at least one hermaphrodite parent would be useful for
concentrating desirable alleles to improve the antioxidants and yield
simultaneously. Thus, hermaphrodite lines in combination with monoecious
counterpart have enormous potential to breed “genotypes for higher antioxidants”
without compromising yield in ridge gourd.
Genetic combining ability for concentration of mineral elements in cabbage head (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.)
Genetic combining ability for concentration of mineral
elements in cabbage head (Brassica oleracea var.
capitata L.)
B K Singh, S R Sharma,
and B Singh
Euphytica
184: 265-273, 2012
E-mail:
bksinghkushinagar@yahoo.co.in
Abstract
Brassica vegetables are important source of
dietary nutrition. However, information on the genetic combining ability of
mineral elements such as iron, zinc, copper, manganese, potassium and calcium
or their types of genetic effects (i.e. additive or non-additive) is scarce but
important as it influences the selection of parents and breeding approaches to
be adopted for improvement of nutritional quality of cabbage. Therefore,
an attempt was made to estimate combining ability in a line × tester (5 × 11)
mating design for minerals. Significant mean square for line × tester
interaction was observed for all minerals under study indicating the prevalence
of non-additive variance; while less
than unity value of σ2gca /σ2sca
ratio for iron, zinc, manganese,
potassium and calcium accumulation indicate predominance of non-additive
gene action. The parents 83-2,
Pride of Asia, Pusa Mukta, Red Cabbage and MR-1 were found good general
combiners for four mineral elements. The general combining ability effects of
the parents for various minerals revealed that none of the parents excelled for
all the minerals suggesting the need for multiple crossing approaches. The
cross 83-1 × AC-1019 (Poor × Poor general combiner) exhibits desirable
significant specific combining ability effects for all six minerals might be
due to presence of high magnitude of non-additive especially complementary
epistatic effects which can be utilize for commercial exploitation of
heterosis. This study shows clearly that specific combining ability is more
important than general combining ability for predicting hybrid combinations for
high mineral content in cabbage head.
Improvement of faba bean (Vicia faba L.).
Faba bean (Vicia faba L.): A potential leguminous crop of India (Eds. AK Singh and BP Bhatt). Jain Brother Publishing House, New Delhi, pp 119-140.
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