https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303230296_Breeding_perspectives_of_snap_bean_Phaseolus_vulgaris_L
Citation: Singh BK and Singh B. 2015. Breeding
perspectives of snap bean (Phaseolus
vulgaris L.). Vegetable Science 42(1): 1-17.
Email: bksinghkushinagar@yahoo.co.in
Abstract
Snap
bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), a type
of common bean whose fresh fleshy tender pods with reduced fibre content in
pod-wall, is an important legume vegetable usually used for cooking or canning.
Common bean has originated in southern Mexico to Central America (Mesoamerica)
and Ecuador-Peru-Bolivia region is the secondary centre of origin, while snap
bean is developed from Andean genetic resources in the southern Europe during
19th century. More than 260000 accessions of different species of Phaseolus are being maintained in
>245 gene banks of various countries, moreover CIAT Colombia has the mandate
for global germplasm collection and conservation of Phaseolus species
and hosts the world's largest and most diverse collections. Globally, the
breeders mainly focus on development of varieties having high yield potential;
wider adaptability; earliness, better pod quality (bright and uniform colour,
non-stringy, slender, long and straight, cylindrical, smooth, small seeded,
less inter-locular cavitations and more flavour); tolerance to heat stress,
particularly high night temperature; and resistance to major diseases such as
bean common mosaic virus, bean golden mosaic virus, common bacterial blight, halo blight,
Sclerotinia rot, anthracnose, angular leaf spot and root knot nematode. The
favourable genes and QTL for various traits of economic importance are
scattered across cultivated and wild populations in the primary, secondary,
tertiary and other gene pools of common bean, and the efforts are being made to
integrate two- or multi-tiered breeding approaches for broadening the genetic
base, and introgressing and pyramiding the resistance genes and QTL.
Key words: French bean, Phaseolus
spp, breeding, improvement, legume vegetable
Future Strategies
The
important future strategies that have relevance to snap bean breeding are—
·
Sturdy
and upright plants that hold their pods in the upper half of the canopy.
·
Bush indeterminate
(Type-II) or pole type (Type-IV) growth habit along with photo-insensitive.
·
Early pod harvesting
and wider adaptability.
·
High tender pod yield
along with following traits such as bright and uniform colour, non-stringy,
slender, long and straight, cylindrical (round in cross-section), smooth, small
seeded and less inter-locular cavitations.
·
Tolerance to heat
stress, particularly high night temperature.
·
Resistance to major
biotic stresses: bean common mosaic virus, common bacterial blight, Sclerotinia rot, anthracnose, angular
leaf spot, pea stem fly and pod borer.
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