Genotype by environment interactions
effects on yield and curcumin in turmeric (Curcuma
longa L.).
Anandaraj
M, Prasath D, Kandiannan K, Zachariah T J, Srinivasan V, Jha A K, Singh BK,
Singh AK, Pandey VP, Singh SP, Shoba N, Jana JC, Kumar KR, Maheswari KU
Industrial
Crops and Products 53: 358-364, 2014
E-mail:
bksinghkushinagar@yahoo.co.in
Abstract
Eleven
cultivars were evaluated for fresh yield (10 environments), curing per cent,
cucumin and dry yield (five environments) across India, four each in North and
South India and two in North East India, ranging from 43 to 893 m above mean
sea level. Combined analyses showed significant differences among cultivars,
environments, and cultivar by environment interactions for yield, curing per
cent and curcumin contents. A large proportion (70.8%) of variation on fresh
yield was attributed to environments; however, for curing per cent, curcumin
content and dry yield, genotype effect accounted for 31.2%, 17.7% and 15.7%of
variation, respectively. Mega Turmeric was the most stable for fresh yield with
above average yield per plant across all environments. Rajendra Sonia was
performing well at specific locations as the fresh yield was high and was
highly responsive to favorable environments. Results on curcumin and curing per
cent showed that, IISR Kedaram performed consistently across five environments
with regression values almost equal to one and non-significant deviation from
regression was adjudged to be the most stable cultivar for curcumin production.
High curcumin cultivar Narendra Tumeric-1 was least responsive at environments
with regression values less than one and significant deviation from regression.
Mega Turmeric-1, IISR Prathiba and IISR Kedaram showed high stability for dry
yield across environments. Three varieties, Mega Turmeric-1, IISR Kedaram and
IISR Prathiba could serve as a good genetic source for stability in breeding
programs for high dry yield and curcumin content.
Turmeric has a great contribution in traditional medicine of India, China and Unani. It can be used for the treatment of various skin disorders like- acne,stretch marks, psoriasis,wrinkles and other early signs of aging.
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